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It is often used to teach Standard Chinese, which is normally written using Chinese characters. The system includes four diacritics denoting tones. Pinyin without tone marks is used to spell Chinese names and words in languages written with the Latin alphabet, and also in certain computer input methods to enter Chinese characters. The pinyin system was developed in the 1. Since Google (and therefore Google Maps) is blocked in China, this is the best way to properly navigate around town. However, you need to be able to type in Chinese! A community of people interested in learning about Chinese and Chinese culture. Forum topics include history, non-Mandarin Chinese, grammar and vocabulary. Chinglish refers to spoken or written English language that is influenced by the Chinese language. In Hong Kong, Macau, and Guangdong, the term "Chinglish" refers. Zhou Youguang. It was published by the Chinese government in 1. Twenty years later, another Jesuit in China, Nicolas Trigault, issued his Xi Ru Ermu Zi (. A student of the great scholars Yu Yue and Zhang Taiyan, Song had been to Japan and observed the stunning effect of the kana syllabaries and Western learning there. This galvanized him into activity on a number of fronts, one of the most important being reform of the script. While Song did not himself actually create a system for spelling Sinitic languages, his discussion proved fertile and led to a proliferation of schemes for phonetic scripts. It was popular and used in English- language publications outside China until 1. Mao Zedong and Zhu De, head of the army, both contributed their calligraphy (in characters) for the masthead of the Sin Wenz Society's new journal. Outside the CCP, other prominent supporters included Sun Yat- sen's son, Sun Fo; Cai Yuanpei, the country's most prestigious educator; Tao Xingzhi, a leading educational reformer; and Lu Xun. Over thirty journals soon appeared written in Sin Wenz, plus large numbers of translations, biographies (including Lincoln, Franklin, Edison, Ford, and Charlie Chaplin), some contemporary Chinese literature, and a spectrum of textbooks. In 1. 94. 0, the movement reached an apex when Mao's Border Region Government declared that the Sin Wenz had the same legal status as traditional characters in government and public documents. Many educators and political leaders looked forward to the day when they would be universally accepted and completely replace characters. Opposition arose, however, because the system was less well adapted to writing regional languages, and therefore would require learning Mandarin. Sin Wenz fell into relative disuse during the following years. The resulting system is very close to pinyin, but doesn't use English letters in unfamiliar ways; for example, pinyinx is written as sy. Medial semivowels are written with y and w (instead of pinyini and u), and apical vowels (syllabic consonants) with r or z. Accent marks are used to indicate tone. History of Hanyu Pinyin. Zhou is often called . He became an economics professor in Shanghai, and in 1. China's Ministry of Education created a Committee for the Reform of the Chinese Written Language, Premier Zhou Enlai assigned Zhou Youguang the task of developing a new romanization system, despite the fact that he was not a professional linguist. But we restudied the problem and revisited it and made it more perfect. The first edition of Hanyu Pinyin was approved and adopted at the Fifth Session of the 1st National People's Congress on February 1. It was then introduced to primary schools as a way to teach Standard Chinese pronunciation and used to improve the literacy rate among adults. The ISO adopted pinyin as the standard romanization for modern Chinese in 1. ISO 7. 09. 8: 1. 98. ISO 7. 09. 8: 2. 01. United Nations followed suit in 1. Pinyin has also become the dominant method for entering Chinese text into computers in Mainland China, in contrast to Taiwan where Bopomofo is most commonly used. Chinese families outside of Taiwan who speak some other language as their mother tongue use the system to teach children Mandarin pronunciation when they learn vocabulary in elementary school. Books containing both Chinese characters and pinyin are often used by foreign learners of Chinese; pinyin's role in teaching pronunciation to foreigners and children is similar in some respects to furigana- based books (with hiragana letters written above or next to kanji, directly analogous to zhuyin) in Japanese or fully vocalised texts in Arabic (. This results in some degree of ambiguity as to which words are being represented. Overview. The result is that the decoding systems used in some foreign languages will enable non- native speakers to produce sounds more closely resembling the target language than will the coding/decoding system used by other foreign languages. Native speakers of English will decode pinyin spellings to fairly close approximations of Mandarin except in the case of certain speech sounds that are not ordinarily produced by most native speakers of English: j, q, x, z, c, s, zh, ch, sh, and r exhibiting the greatest discrepancies. The i in the last four sounds more like r and the use of i is purely a matter of convention.). Most native speakers of English find these sounds difficult. In this system, the correspondence between the Roman letter and the sound is sometimes idiosyncratic, though not necessarily more so than the way the Latin script is employed in other languages. For example, the aspiration distinction between b, d, g and p, t, k is similar to that of English (in which the two sets are however also differentiated by voicing), but not to that of French. Letters z and c also have that distinction, pronounced as . From s, z, c come the digraphs sh, zh, ch by analogy with English sh, ch. Although this introduces the novel combination zh, it is internally consistent in how the two series are related, and reminds the trained reader that many Chinese pronounce sh, zh, ch as s, z, c (and English- speakers use zh to represent /. In the x, j, q series, the pinyin use of x is similar to its use in Portuguese, Galician, Catalan, Basque, and Maltese; and the pinyin q is akin to its value in Albanian; both pinyin and Albanian pronunciations may sound similar to the ch to the untrained ear. Pinyin vowels are pronounced in a similar way to vowels in Romance languages. The pronunciation and spelling of Chinese words are generally given in terms of initials and finals, which represent the segmental phonemic portion of the language, rather than letter by letter. Initials are initial consonants, while finals are all possible combinations of medials (semivowels coming before the vowel), the nucleus vowel, and coda (final vowel or consonant). Initials and finals. Every Mandarin syllable can be spelled with exactly one initial followed by one final, except for the special syllable er or when a trailing - r is considered part of a syllable (see below). The latter case, though a common practice in some sub- dialects, is rarely used in official publications. One exception is the city Harbin (. For example, the medials . Often these medials are treated as separate from the finals rather than as part of them; this convention is followed in the chart of finals below. Initials. They are an orthographic convention for the medials i, u and . When i, u, or . Other than finals modified by an - r, which are omitted, the following is an exhaustive table of all possible finals. A Chinese syllable ending with any other consonant either is from a non- Mandarin language (a southern Chinese language such as Cantonese, or a minority language of China), or indicates the use of a non- pinyin romanization system (where final consonants may be used to indicate tones). Coda. For other finals formed by the suffix - r, pinyin does not use special orthography; one simply appends r to the final that it is added to, without regard for any sound changes that may take place along the way. For information on sound changes related to final r, please see Erhua#Rules. In addition, . English h as in hay or, more closely in some American dialects, hero is an acceptable approximation. One way to produce this sound is by very slowly making a . Like q, but unaspirated. Is similar to the English name of the letter G. Not the s in vision, despite the common English pronunciation of . The sequence . Like punch yourself, with the lips spread wide with ee. Curl the tip of the tongue downwards to stick it at the back of the teeth and strongly aspirate. The sequence . Like - sh y- , with the lips spread and the tip of the tongue curled downwards and stuck to the back of teeth when one says ee. The sequence . Voiced in a toneless syllable. Before an e or a it is sometimes pronounced like v as in violin.*y. Before a u, pronounced with rounded lips.** Note on y and w. Y and w are equivalent to the semivowel medials i, u, and . They are spelled differently when there is no initial consonant in order to mark a new syllable: fanguan is fan- guan, while fangwan is fang- wan (and equivalent to *fang- uan). With this convention, an apostrophe only needs to be used to mark an initial a, e, or o: Xi'an (two syllables: . In addition, y and w are added to fully vocalic i, u, and . Some Mandarin speakers do pronounce a . See below for a few finals which are abbreviated after a consonant plus w/u or y/i medial: wen . However, even with tone marks, the city is usually spelled with an apostrophe as X. Zh, ch, and sh count as initial consonants. Change initial w to u and initial y to i. For weng, wen, wei, you, look under ong, un, ui, iu. For u after j, q, x, or y, look under . Varies between . Varies between . Can also be pronounced . Varies between . Standalone u is written as wu. Syllables starting with i are written as y in place of i (e. Standalone i is written as yi. Syllables starting with . In such situations where there are corresponding u syllables, it is often replaced with v on a computer, making it easier to type on a standard keyboard. When preceded by a consonant, iou, uei, and uen are simplified as iu, ui, and un (which do not represent the actual pronunciation). As in zhuyin, what are actually pronounced as buo, puo, muo, and fuo are given a separate representation: bo, po, mo, and fo. The apostrophe (') is used before a syllable starting with a vowel (a, o, or e) in a multiple- syllable word when the syllable does not start the word (which is most commonly realized as . Morph. VOX Pro - Free download and software reviews. Pros. At least 1. Cons. I installed Morph. No more missed important software updates! UpdateStar 11 lets you stay up to date and secure with the software on your computer.
![]() Vox Pro 4. 4. 8 on my Win. It has dozens of free voices that can be tweaked with free VST plugins. You have to pa another $2. The sound quality is excellent and it is pretty easy to learn in one day. Cons. Comes with two skins and a third smaller to download free. The smaller skins background noise drop down does not change to a new choice. I selected Shopping Mall Noise but it kept playing City Noise. I was forced to use the larger skin that did not have this bug. The program frequently crashed requiring me to restart the program to continue. Twice, the program list box scrolling ability completely froze. I had to reboot the computer to get out of that one. These are serious bugs! They are irritating, but I really like this program. I hope the developers focus on a really stable release. If you want a rock solid stable program this is not one. If you want a load of voices and flexibility in manipulating them AND can put up with the bugs - it is still worth the price. When adding your own sound effects they display in one large alphabetical list not by category even though you must create a ! Updated on Nov 2. Technical support went above and beyond helping me to isolate the cause of the crashing. It was not corrupt memory as an error message indicated (I ran a thorough memory test). It appears to have been the plugin Effects Rack or one of the plugins freely available. I uninstalled Effects Rack and the crashes stopped. This is a super cool program and I would recommend it to anyone who wants a convenient way to switch quickly in real time to many different voices. I tried it out on Pal Talk as well and people thought it was great. A main reason to buy this is the convenience of the interface that allows the application of many effects among many voices to be applied quickly. The help file could be much improved as I found myself stumbling on great features that were not so obvious. A definite buy. The 7 day trial period is a thumbs down, however. They should have a standard 3. Reply to this review. Read reply (1)Was this review helpful?(0) (0) Reply by stankovic. February 2. 2, 2. Its nice reading your review , I would like to know if it works with phones / tablets also . Pros. Screaming. Bee offers some of the best support and painless installs Ive seen, and they have a library of add- ons (some free). It is compatible with the ex. Vox Voice Change Controller i use. Cons. Although in no way is this software a bum deal, the price is a little above some of the competitors (Blaze audio Voice cloak, Scramby, for example). Summary. If you've got time and no money, check out vocalster free voice change software or Funny voice. I purchased this for use with with my ex. Vox Audio and Voice controller, so I can go online XBOX, PS3, or cell phone and talk in funny voices. Cons. Screaming Bee download / install is way more forgiving than AV voice software, but if you aren't ready to pay for voice software, I suggest trying Funny Voice first. It would be nice to be able to visually see your voice before and after the signal processing. Summary. I started with the Man to woman voice, and wow! Also if your in a large group and everyone is talking. Just Quack twice and it brings everyone out of talking all at once. Updated on Oct 9, 2. I just found out that the Graphic Equalizer also allows you to add your own custom presets! That's it. Cons. Trial version tied to the developer's website works but sticks frequently. Full version screws up your OS to the point of System Restore. Complaints are handled by claims your OS must be out of whack, and he's never seen the problem before. Summary. The Screaming Bee really is the poor consumer screaming he's been screwed by a money- hungry lying software developer who doesn't either care about his product or doesn't have the skill to develop it well. I keep warning consumers this character is making crappy software and won't refund your money on what is a scam of bait and switch- -- the trial barely works, and when you pay, you get even less than that!!! That's why it works so slow and the delay has not been improve for years. Summary. The Screaming. Bee LLC does not guarantee money back in any case. So, make sure that you think it over before purchase this program. Reply to this review. Was this review helpful?(0) (0) Please Wait. Precision Garage Door Birmingham . We Fix Garage Doors Right! We are also available on Evenings & Weekends. ![]() It's the fastest way to shop for a garage door on the web. In less than 1. 0 minutes, you'll have a much. Click garage door designer to get started.. The PDS 8. 00 motor is loaded with. 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